Radiation Therapy for early stage

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Kaara
Kaara Member Posts: 3,647

Here is my question, and it's one that I should have asked my RO but didn't think of it until after I had left his office and was doing more research on whether to go down this rads road.

Why do they give the same amount of radiation to someone who has a very small early stage cancer as they do to someone who has a stage 2,3 or 4 cancer?  I was told that I would have seven weeks of treatment for 5 days a week, 33 in all.  This seems like such an overkill to me with my low grade stage one cancer with no node involvement.  Why don't they adjust for the stage and grade?

I'm sure there is an answer...I just haven't found it yet. 

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Comments

  • BarbaraA
    BarbaraA Member Posts: 7,378
    edited January 2012

    I think it is because cancer is cancer and rads kills the cells. If you do decide to do rads, ask your RO about the Canadian protocol. It is 16tx at higher Gys.

  • Kaara
    Kaara Member Posts: 3,647
    edited January 2012

    BarbaraA:  Originally my BS gave me the option of doing the shorter version with higher doses; however I didn't meet the criteria when I met with my RO because I have left side bc, and it's only for right side individuals. I was also discouraged by my BS from doing mammosite which is a 5 day 2x a day treatment with seeds that are implanted at the time of surgery.  Now I'm sorry I didn't insist on it.

  • Bonseye
    Bonseye Member Posts: 193
    edited January 2012

    I am going for a consult next week....I was told that with three nodes with "micro" mets I may not need radiation. The last patient that was sent with less then four nodes didn't need radiation. I soooo don't want it as i need to have a re-construction of my right side that had a staph infection. They took out my expander and if I need radiation then they have to use my back muscle to reconstruct that side. I am physically in pain from rheumatoid arthritis and need an easier road. As it is now I wake up with such bad back spasms. I feel like I will live on pain meds. At this rate will my life be pain free? ! I am trying to stay opened minded and if I need it...then i need it...we shall see what this next chapter will bring. I have a glimmer of hope and am holding on to it with the belief that there is always a chance. I feel like they removed everything (bilateral mastectomy and nodes removed) and having chemo....what are they radiating? Just curious....there are side effects with that too. Can't wait to ask. One of my opinions is Sloan Kettering one of the leading Cancer Institutes in the US. Based out of NYC they have a satellite 6 minutes from my house here in NJ. Trying to not get ahead of my self....small steps.......

  • judyfams
    judyfams Member Posts: 148
    edited January 2012

    I did have external radiation using a newer machine that has a computer "bend" the rays so that they have a lesser chance of damaging other organs like the lungs and heart and ribs.

    I had 35 treatments in the prone positiin - face down - but if you need armpit radiation you are not  a candidate to have it done in the prone position.  Ask your RO about that.

    To answer your question the radiation is to eradicate any remaining cancer cells from the whole breast which is why everybody gets the same dose.  It is the 5 treatments ( which are already included in the 33) of something called the "boost" which is specifically geared to your cancer.  the boost is directed solely at the lumpectomy cavity and is a different type of radiation and they will prepare you for the boost by giving you a CT scan and doing other measurements that are totally different from the original simulation you will have for the regular radiation.

    Judy

  • cycle-path
    cycle-path Member Posts: 1,502
    edited January 2012

    Kaara, I think that's a damn good question, and it applies to so many treatments. Every woman who's prescribed Tamox gets 20mg a day for 5 years as well. No customization.

    I don't know why this is, but I suspect it's because research is done using one or two protocols only, so they only have longitudinal evidence from those protocols. Doctors may suspect that something different would work just as well for certain patients, but they have no research to back up their suspicions. So they're taking a professional risk if they recommend something without research, because if it doesn't work...

    It's one thing for a doctor to fool around with different treatments for a sore throat, and quite another to fool around with cancer treatments. And IMO that's why doctors stick to the "tried and true" "one-size-fits-all because it's the only thing that was tested" approach. 

  • BarbaraA
    BarbaraA Member Posts: 7,378
    edited January 2012

    Kaara, I was left side as well. I think it may have something to do with the location of the cancer. They did not hit my heart at all nor my lung. Lucky me, I think.

  • cycle-path
    cycle-path Member Posts: 1,502
    edited January 2012

    Cindy, your explanation is better but somewhat similar to what I figured was behind the one-size-fits-all approach. And it probably presents no particular problem with drugs that are taken for a short time or when other alternatives are available. But with Tamoxifen, there are lots of known SEs and for many women there's no alternative. So sure would be nice to know if 10 mg (or 12 mg or whatever) would work just as well since so many SE sufferers find the SEs are minimal at 10 mg.

  • Kaara
    Kaara Member Posts: 3,647
    edited January 2012

    Thank you ladies for the input.  I think the "one size fits all" approach is exactly what typifies our medial treatment today, and is spot on!  A good example...when I cruise I get a seasick patch to wear.  They prescribe the same patch for a 300 pound man as they do for a 120 pound woman...go figure!  After sleeping through several cruises I decided to cut my patch in quarters and wear only a quarter of a patch...bingo....I felt fine and I was not seasick.  When I told my doctor this, he said, well, whatever works for you!  

    I feel the same way about rads....if I can't get a dose that is going to fit my stage and grade of cancer which is very low, then I'm just going to pass altogether.  I don't want to be overtreated with radiation and end up with another cancer or heart issues.  If it returns in the same breast, I'll have an mx and be done with it.

    Now for my daily rant.... if bc were primarily a man's disease, they wouldn't put up with the treatment that is being handed out.  There is absolutely no reason why women should have to suffer this way simply because doctors don't want to deviate from their precious "standard of care".  If they had to experience a few of these hot flashes and mood swings, I guarantee you things would change!

    Thanks agan for your help and support. 

  • DebConway
    DebConway Member Posts: 26
    edited January 2012

    Kaara - I don't know if you have already had surgery yet (lumpectomy); but I had the SAVI radiation treatment and had no problems. Mine was also on my left side. My RO recommended this; but ultimately it was my decision. It is more stable once placed in the breast than the mammosite and can be customized by the individual cathethers for each woman. If it's close to the skin I believe they can choose to not deliver to that cathether. No rash, no burns, no heart or lung damage and all done in 1 week. Can't beat that! Take care and God bless!

  • KiwiDiana
    KiwiDiana Member Posts: 18
    edited January 2012

    I had rads for high grade DCIS on my right side, and 5 years later I'm going to have it again for low grade IDC on my left side.  My righty doesn't put on weight, and indeed, seems to have shrunk a little, (atrophied) which is a side effect not spoken about much. I've also been warned about the risk of  brittle ribs which will only get more brittle in the coming years.   I will have a brittle chest after this. :( But so far so good on the right side, cancer free after 5 years!  and no sore ribs. Am sad about the left side letting me down.

    But I've decided that this risk is the only side effect I will tolerate from cancer treatment..  I AIN"T doing the hormone therapy thing!  No way!

    Kaara,   I don't understand something:  if the original biopsy diagnosed DCIS Low grade, why did they have to remove a lymph node? 

    Big hugs from down under.

  • dlb823
    dlb823 Member Posts: 9,430
    edited January 2012

    Kaara, as I understand it, the length of time is only one of many measurements.  It's always very similar (in the 32 to 36 dose range) because it's a cumulative amount they need to achieve, but a lot of other varying measurements are based on the size & location of the tumor, size of our bodies, etc.   Most sizeable facilities have a radiation physicist and a dosimetrist to plan each patient's individual RT.  It's definitely not a one size fits all tx.  

    Hormonals are a whole different story, and one reason I declined an A/I after 1/2 dose of Femara clearly didn't agree with me.    Deanna     

  • ej01
    ej01 Member Posts: 155
    edited January 2012

    Kaara,  Do ask about partial breast radiation.  There are different types depending on your circumstances (mamosite, savi, or external PBI), and they are an example of a local treatment which will radiate the places in your breast most likely to get a reoccurance... the area around the original cancer.  I believe there are still ongoing studies for most of these techniques to help assess the true long term risk as compared with whole breast radiation. 

    I had the 5 day external radiation, had virtually no side effects.  Because my cancer was on the left side, I have to assume there is less potential impact to the heart (although the RO did say that with the newer machines and techniques even whole breast radiation does not impact the heart/lungs like it used to). 

  • Kaara
    Kaara Member Posts: 3,647
    edited January 2012

    KiwiDiana:  My biopsy diagnosed IDC low grade, stage 1, so my BS did the lumpectomy and SNB which was clear.  Oncotype score is 13 so no chemo needed.

    ej01:  I have already had surgery so mammosite or savi wouldn't work, but I would like to know more about the external PBI which I assume is the 5 day external radiation you spoke of.  I will google it to learn more.  That would seem more in line with what I think I need for my stage of bc.  Thanks for your post. 

  • Beesie
    Beesie Member Posts: 12,240
    edited January 2012

    Radiation is given to address the risk that some cancer cells might be left in the breast (or the nodes) after surgery.  That risk is independent of Stage.  Radiation has been shown to reduce local (i.e. in the breast area) recurrence risk by approx. 50%, whatever the Stage. 

    The Stage of a breast cancer reflects the risk that the cancer might have moved beyond the breast. There is effectively no risk with Stage 0, low risk with Stage I, and then an increasing risk as the Stage increases.  Radiation is done on the breast; it is not used to address the risk that cancer cells might have moved beyond the breast area.  The treatments that are given to address this type of risk are systemic treatments such as chemo and hormone therapy and Herceptin.  

    That's my understanding. 

    Edited to Add:  I don't agree that we face some of the treatment issues we face because BC is a woman's disease.  Think about prostate cancer and what men have to go through.  It's as bad or worse.

  • SleeplessIn
    SleeplessIn Member Posts: 114
    edited January 2012

    Amen, Kaara! I could not agree more with you in terms of the "one size fits all" treatment women with breast cancer are offered. I am 40 years old, and therefore there is a good chance that I may get another cancer at some point. That said, treating me with Chemo, followed by Rads (left breast) and 5 years of Tax feels a bit much, particularly since the very real long term side effecs of all these treatments are known to include secondary cancers and very serious heart disease. - Having said this, I also agree with some of the other posts here, that doctors prescribe what they do just to be on the safe side. And in my opinion, also to not open themselves up to potential lawsuits.



    Personally, I am open to explore less conventional treatments perhaps (after having had a lumpectomy and undergoing chemo right now), if that can be geared more to my personal situation
    and medical history. I have not made a choice yet, but continue to read and learn for now. I also have an appointment with a naturopathic oncologist next week, to see what other treatment options may be. There are many paths and options for treatment, I believe. Unfortunately all the choices are Not presented to us on a display to pick and choose. It takes a lot of time, reading, time, reading... To learn what is out there, and to ultimately choose what we feel is best for us - as individuals.

  • marilyn113
    marilyn113 Member Posts: 118
    edited January 2012

    Kaara - I have similar diagnosis as you.  Internal therapy was not an option for me due to my age (too young at 52).  I was terrified of radiation but couldn't ignore the significant reduction in recurrence.  I've had 22 out of 25 rads and it has been easy.  (They decided I didn't need the boosts.)  I can't believe I'm done this week already.  My breast is pink and itches slightly, but no blistering or peeling.  I also haven't had the fatigue I feared.  I'm still working and wearing a bra to work. 

    I see women on this site that originally had stage 1 and had a recurrence at stage 4.  I want to do everything in my power to prevent that.   Skipping radiation now could result in a mx, chemo AND rads in the future.

  • kingjr66
    kingjr66 Member Posts: 764
    edited January 2012

    I start my 6 weeks of rads next week and I have early stage BC.  I agree with several others regarding the length of treatment no matter what your stage is.  Treatment is targeted at the whole breast to kill possible cells that have jumped to other sites in the breast. 

    Would like to inject my thoughts on mammosite radiation.  I was offered this treatment and did a very thorough research on it.  Yes, less treatment appointments but what I learned is that women who have had this treatment reported apporx 2 years later that they have cyst growth at the site of seed implant.  They also report pain at the site.  They then have to have the cyst drained/biopsied.  This can occur several times.  They are constantly in pain and stressed from having to go through biopsy after biopsy.  I encourge everyone to do their own research.  I opted for the 6 weeks.

  • cycle-path
    cycle-path Member Posts: 1,502
    edited January 2012

    hillck, yes there was a discussion thread here about that study. You might scroll down in this section to see it. But I wanted to comment about this remark of yours: "The bright spot of the study was that they concluded that more research needs to be done on how to combat SEs to help raise compliance."

    I guess that wasn't what I gleaned from the report. I had the impression that they thought women needed to be better educated about the benefits so that they'd be willing to tough out the SEs. I thought the study was denigrating to patients. But maybe I read it with a jaundiced eye. Wouldn't be the first time! 

  • voraciousreader
    voraciousreader Member Posts: 7,496
    edited January 2012

    Cycle-path... The impression I had after reading the study was based on why the study was conducted in the first place. Not unlike the treatment for other chronic illnesses, the researchers knew that many patients were not compliant in taking their medication. So the researchers set out to understand why the patients weren't taking the medication and low and behold they realized the side effects were the reason. The researchers suggested future research to determine what would perhaps help reduce side effects so women would be more compliant. Likewise, educating them about the importance of taking the medication should be explored. I applaud the researchers for conducting the study because they recognized a problem and sought an understanding. Again, I think side effects from medications for a variety of diseases prevent many people from being compliant.

  • cycle-path
    cycle-path Member Posts: 1,502
    edited January 2012

    Ok, I just re-read the study and the only thing I can figure out is that voraciousreader and I looked at two entirely different papers. Here's the one I read: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/754393

    These researchers say that they knew at the outset that SEs were largely to blame. "What is currently known is that factors such as treatment side effects contribute to nonadherence."

    They then go on to talk about other barriers to adherence. 

    Receiving "instructions about the importance of taking oral medication as directed," "adherence to oral medications could be increased by raising their awareness of the importance of adherence," and "patients' personal beliefs...also influence the degree to which they are adherent." They also mention cost as a barrier.

    Only one of the proposals mentioned is "better management of treatment-related side effects."

    They then go on to say that women ought to have little daily pill boxes to remind them to take their meds, there should be "ongoing consultations with a pharmacist," and several other (IMO) nonsensical proposals. 

    So now that I've re-read the study I feel more strongly than ever that it's denigrating. The nerve of these researchers! 

    It's pretty obvious that they think we are a bunch of stupid ninnies who need to stop complaining and just take our pills like good little girls. Hard to believe a paper such as this would be accepted at a medical conference in the 21st century.

  • voraciousreader
    voraciousreader Member Posts: 7,496
    edited January 2012

    Cycle-path... Those recommendations... Like little pill boxes as reminders are pretty standard for the treatment of many chronic illnesses. My friend who has a Ph.D in pharmacology and is a pharmacist gets busy at work and has been non compliant in taking her medication in treating her diabetes. Her endocrinologist had a hissy fit with her. She told her that if she, a well educated professional was non compliant, what hope was there for those less educated to remember to take their meds? I think doctors are as frustrated at getting people to be compliant as we patients are equally as frustrated at dealing with side effects. Please try to understand their perspective as they try to sort out ours.

  • voraciousreader
    voraciousreader Member Posts: 7,496
    edited January 2012

    I want to add... The DH has a rare metabolic disorder and has to eat every few hours or else he could end up in the hospital. When he was diagnosed, his endocrinologist told him he could never leave the house without a food bag. Imagine, a simple food cooler bag with a snack. How difficult is that to remember? No side effects. No downside. It took him TWO LONG years to get into the habit of packing a food bag. I asked his doctor what the problem with being compliant was? He told me that the DH was like so many of his patients. It was very frustrating because patients like my husband would end up hospitalized and catastrophically ill.





    I think we truly need to understand the whole picture. Doctors know patients are not compliant. Understanding why and how to correct it is a good thing.

  • Kaara
    Kaara Member Posts: 3,647
    edited January 2012

    I don't think someone needs a pill box to remember to take a pill that is going to make their life a living hell.  You just don't forget that....every hot flash or ache and pain reminds you constantly.  This tells me that the researchers participating in the study didn't have a clue about what to recommend, were scrambling to come up with something, and this was the final result.  Pretty lame if you ask me.

    My RO on Friday had one very interesting comment.  He said that researchers are paid to write, so they have to produce articles...some of which have absolutely no value.  Some truth there I guess.

  • voraciousreader
    voraciousreader Member Posts: 7,496
    edited January 2012

    Have you ever looked at the long list of side effects from anti-depressants? The list is very long and many people who take them suffer terribly with the side effects and yet are compliant because the alternative of not taking them is an even worse hell.





    Doctors are very sympathetic and really are concerned about side effects. They wouldn't be conducting these types of studies if they weren't concerned. And yes. In research it is true... Publish or perish. But no one is going to publish anything that is going to lead to embarrassment.

  • Huskerkkc
    Huskerkkc Member Posts: 536
    edited January 2012

    I'm surprised at the comments about BC treatments being one-size-fits-all. I can only speak  factually about my own treatment, but have talked to many in a support group and of course by the interactions with the many women on different threads on this site. I guess I can understand your frustration and concern if some of you get a cookie-cutter treatment!

    Chemo is clearly different for each patient. Some go weekly, some go every other week and some go every three weeks. Some get 4 doses, some six, eight, or 12 or 16! The medicines vary. I was weighed every time and the dosage adjusted accordingly. I was also questioned extensively about previous SE's, especially nausea and neuropathy and again-the dosage was adjusted accordingly. Because I had stage 2 neuropathy my taxol was reduced 25% for my 2nd dose and again on the 3rd dose. They were prepared to eliminate the taxol if my symptoms didn't subside. That scared me as much as the neuropathy did! Surgery can be before or after chemo. Many patients participate in clinical trials, including me. That by definition deviates from the norm.

    Radiation is not always 33 sessions. I was originally scheduled for 40+, but then got a second opinion and ended up with 33. However, if my skin didn't hold up, I could have been done sooner. I was weighed and had a CT scan and x-rays every week to very precisely measure where the beam would go. Some have 28 rads then boosts immediately following; others have a week or two in between. I know some who had 28 rads, but not the boosts. Still others had more or less than 33.

    Because I was stage one, 3 nodes all negative, I was prepared for rads only. It was the triple negative status that added the chemo for me. Rads is a very important piece of treatment, IMHO. I think Beesie gave a very thorough explanation. I would probably give up chemo before rads if forced to make a choice.

    To those that have a center and/or hospital nearby, you are so fortunate! To have a naturopathic oncologist, how cool is that! My clinic only has two oncologists and they are 30 miles away. I got a second opinion at a center 95 miles away. For radiation, there was only one RO and he was a jerk! So I drove 95 miles one-way, every day, for 33 treatments. Although it was a hardship, I did have a choice. It's just that sometimes the choices we have aren't all that great.

  • Kaara
    Kaara Member Posts: 3,647
    edited January 2012

    I think that the internet and the ability of patients to do their own research has helped tremendously when it comes to attention being paid to treatments and their resultling SE's.  As more and more patients become educated and demand that better treatments be developed with fewer SE's, doctors will be forced to pay attention or lose patients to alternative treatment programs.  This will result in more research and adjustments to current medications to eliminate intolerable SE's.

    This fact was clearly pointed out in an article about External Partial Breast Radiation,  whereby it has been developed, and is currently in clinical trials, primarily because early stage patients were foregoing the lengthy process of WBR, feeling it was an overkill for those kind of cancers. 

  • cycle-path
    cycle-path Member Posts: 1,502
    edited January 2012

    I think something like a weekly pill box is a perfectly fine thing, and in fact I've used one for years. But if a researcher thinks it's going to make a difference in getting someone to take a pill that makes her ill, well, then.... Well, I'm not going to say what I think should happen to that researcher but believe me it's not a pleasant fate.

    Here's the reason women are non-compliant with Tamoxifen.

    We're told that if we take it for 1825 days it "might" keep us from getting something that we "might" get. We don't know we'll get BC again if we don't take it. We don't know we'll be protected from BC if we do. It only reduces risk -- and in many cases the risk is already pretty small -- by half. And we have to take it for a long time to get that dubious benefit.

    Oh, and BTW, most women get at least some SEs, however minor, from it!

    But that report seems to think that telling us to use a little pill box is going to make a difference! Once again, I won't say what I really think of a person who gives such advice and will settle for the term MORONIC!

    If there were no SEs, women would be willing to put up with the uncertainty of whether Tamoxifen made a difference. Or if there was certainty -- if one could be guaranteed that BC wouldn't come back if one took it -- more women would put up with SEs.

    THAT'S the problem. It's a pure risk/reward scenario. Too much risk, too little assurance of reward. Instead of giving this problem to medical folks to analyze, it ought to be looked at by MBA candidates, who learn about this when they study asset rates of return!

  • suzieq60
    suzieq60 Member Posts: 6,059
    edited January 2012
    Kaara - radiation is given (as Beesie said) to reduce local recurrence. Not all surgeons remove the needle track of the biopsy when they do the lumpectomy - rads should take care of any stray cancer cells that may have been spread into healthy tissue during biopsy. Lumpectomy + rads = mastectomy. I, for one, was very worried about needle track spread even though core biopsies carry less risk than fine needle biopsies.
  • Kaara
    Kaara Member Posts: 3,647
    edited January 2012

    susieq58:  Now that's one I've never heard.  I will ask my BS today if he removed the needle track when he did the lumpectomy. Very interesting...thank you.

  • voraciousreader
    voraciousreader Member Posts: 7,496
    edited January 2012

    cycle-path...When a woman decides to take ANY medication she needs to discuss with her doctor what HER risks and benefits are of taking it. Then, if she decides to take the medication and then she gets side effects, again, it is important to have an articulation with the doctor to discuss whether or not the side effects outweigh the benefits of taking the medication.  However, doctors need to be informed by the patient if they are taking their meds and whether or not they're having side effects.  If they're not taking their medication, then the patient and doctor need to work together to mitigate the side effects or look for another medication that the patient might take or ALTERNATIVES....such as ovarian ablation if the woman is taking tamoxifen and then switch to one of the number of AI's.  Or, it might be as simple as changing from one generic brand of Tamoxifen to another.  Perhaps even changing the time of day that they take the medication mitigates the symptoms which leads me to the following.....

    My friend who has high blood pressure was NOT compliant in taking her medication.  She takes a few meds and supplements on MOST days.  I didn't know she was non-compliant until one Sunday evening, when her husband was on a business trip, I had to take her to the emergency room because her blood pressure was dangerously high.  While being examined by the nurse, she explained that she wasn't compliant with taking her blood pressure medication, because she often got reflux from taking her medications in the morning.  If she didn't take her medication in the morning, usually by afternoon, she would forget to take them.  So, both the nurse and I looked at her and both of us started to say to her, "TAKE THE BLOOD PRESSURE MEDICATION AS SOON AS YOU WAKE UP IN THE MORNING. Then, during the course of the day, as you put food in your stomach, take the rest of your medications and supplements."

    Well, guess what?  It's been a few months now and my friend has been compliant and hasn't gotten the reflux and remembers to take her blood pressure medication and she is well.

    So, Cycle-Path...I don't think the authors of the study were THAT moronic.  They recognize that patients are less than compliant.  It is their responsibility as researchers to figure out WHY people are non-compliant and look for solutions.  But I applaud them for RECOGNIZING that there is a problem.  And while the reason why, for some patients who might NOT be taking their medication, is because they don't like the side effects, OR that the benefits of taking it might be minimal at best, the problem deserves ATTENTION and solutions need to be found.  And I totally agree with you that for some women, the amount of benefit from taking Tamoxifen might be minimal and the side effects so terrible that they're just not going to take it no matter what anyone tells them.  Quality of life is equally important.  But, it's also important to understand why people aren't compliant with taking their medications and finding ways to mitigate, if possible, their lack of compliance.  And for many people, including my girlfriend, there are very simple ways to be compliant. 

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