Supplements that may inhibit Covid 19 / Coronavirus

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https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&so...

5. Conclusions

Currently, COVID-19 has emerged in the human population, in China, and is a potential threat

to global health, worldwide. However, no approved drug currently exists to treat the disease. The

currently available drugs for COVID-19 treatment primarily act on the main protease (Mpro). The aim

of this study was to examine several medicinal plant-derived compounds that may be used to inhibit

the COVID-19 infection pathway. Nelfinavir, lopinavir, kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin-7-glucoside,

demethoxycurcumin, naringenin, apigenin-7-glucoside, oleuropein, curcumin, catechin, and

epicatechin-gallate have the lowest binding energies and inhibition constants. The affinity of

kaempferol bonds is higher compared with other compounds. Therefore, we suggested that

nelfinavir and lopinavir may represent potential treatment options, and kaempferol, quercetin,

luteolin-7-glucoside, demethoxycurcumin, naringenin, apigenin-7-glucoside, oleuropein, curcumin,

catechin, and epicatechin-gallate were the most recommended compounds found in medicinal plants

that may act as potential inhibitors of COVID-19 Mpro. However, further research is necessary to

investigate the potential uses of the medicinal plants containing these compounds.

Quercetin Research ongoing


https://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/a-made-in-cana...

https://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/the-current-fo...

https://ircm.qc.ca/en/news/lazaridis-family-founda...

https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11...

Chloroquine and Coronavirus induced pneumonia

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/3...

https://www.genengnews.com/a-lists/how-to-conquer-...

My comments:

Quercetin is an inexpensive, commonly available supplement, with very low side effects. Curcumin and catechin / epicatechin-gallate are all readily available as well. Both are often used for their purported anti-cancer benefits. The idea is that these supplements will interfere with the replication of the virus in the human body. Quercetin has proven efficacy for doing this with certain viruses, but it is not yet known whether it will work against the Coronavirus.

All of the above have potential to interfere with the metabolism of prescription drugs, and therefor should only be used in the absence of drugs to eliminate the risk of interference which could lead to either increased side effects or deceased activity, depending on the drug. Green tea concentrates have some potential for causing liver damage, so they should only be used as recommended. So this is something to be only used with medical advice and caution, and in the appropriate circumstances. It would seem to me, that out of an abundance of caution, one would only treat the virus once you have it, rather than take such supplements ahead of time in the hope of preventing infection.

Chloroquine is a prescription only drug used to treat malaria. The suggestion from the research is that it might interfere with the pneumonia brought on by the virus. Naturally, it would not be used as a prophylactic against getting the virus. It does have potential for severe side effects, although it is used commonly as a prophylactic against malaria.

Natural Sources of Quercetin and Kaempferol

2. Food Sources and Dietary Intakes

Quercetin and kaempferol are widely distributed in fruit and vegetables [16]. Table 1 shows the

average amounts in select major food sources. High concentrations of quercetin are found in a few

foods such as onion, asparagus, and berries, and small quantities are found in many di
erent fruit and

vegetables. The richest plant sources of kaempferol (mg/100 g fresh weight) are green leafy vegetables,

including spinach and kale, and herbs such as dill, chives, and tarragon. The leaves of wild leeks or

ramps (100g fresh weight) were reported to contain 50.2 and 32.5 mg of quercetin and kaempferol,

respectively [17].

Table 1. Select Plant Sources of Quercetin and Kaempferol.

Source Quercetin Kaempferol

Food mg/100 g fresh weight

Apples 4.01 0.14

Asparagus 14.0 1.40

Broccoli 13.7 7.20

Chili pepper 32.6 -

Chinese cabbage - 22.5

Kale 22.6 47.0

Leeks 0.9 2.67

Lettuce 14.7 0.84

Onions 45.0 4.50

Spinach 27.2 55.0

Chives 10.4 12.5

Dill 79.0 40.0

Fennel leaves 46.8 6.50

Oregano 42.0 -

Blueberry 14.6 3.17

Cherry 17.4 5.14

Cranberry 25.0 0.21

Wild leeks (whole) [17] 8.36 5.31

Beverage mg/100 ml

Black tea 2.50 1.70

Red wine 3.16 0.25

Sources: Phenol-Explorer and USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) Database for the Flavonoid Content

of Selected Foods.


Foods with the

highest concentrations of quercetin and kaempferol in plants are not necessarily the most bioavailable

sources. Glucoside conjugates which are found in onions appear to have the highest bioavailability in

humans.

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