alcohol and breast cancer

Options

Ok so this isn't really easy but here goes. I recently had a left mx and lymph node biopsy in which 8 of 9 are positive. I start chemo in 3 weeks. I hate to admit this but I enjoy drinking-probably more than most. Does anyone else out there have the same problem? I know that alcohol and breast cancer are linked but I don't know if I can or want to quit.Anyone understand what I'm talking about?

«1

Comments

  • lago
    lago Member Posts: 17,186
    edited September 2010

    I have read that cancer feeds on sugar. Alcohol I believe turns to sugar. This is why diabetics are not supposed to drink.

    It's not that drinking will cause you to have cancer. It's that if you have cancer cells they will feed on the sugar and multiply/grow faster or something like that.

    http://women.webmd.com/news/20090224/alcohol-linked-to-cancer-risk-in-women

    http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/breast-cancer-prevention/WO00091 

  • lisaattheshore
    lisaattheshore Member Posts: 110
    edited September 2010

    I think the latest is that there is a much closer relationship with ILC than other types of BC.  And  what Lago says is my understanding as well.  I think the other piece of it might be weight, which might be harder for some people who drink.  (Or is it that if you drink you weigh more or WHATEVER). 

    Not knowing if you are able to quit is something different I think, but perhaps you didn't mean it the way I understood it.  Not wanting to quit--totally different!  I decided not to drink during treatment (so I didn't have to remember which drug I took that day and which didn't go with alcohol)  but I am sure looking forward to the end of that!

    My onc said drinking in moderation was fine, but would not tell me how much/often 'moderation' was.  A different Dr told me 'on weekends' was fine.  (3 days a week?  36 hours?  idk.....)

    There is a drinking thread.......most of the ladies seemed to have cut back a bit and also improved the other parts of their diets. 

    Wish I could get a disease that required me to eat nachos and pizza, or drink, or lie on the couch......sigh........      ;)

  • lisaattheshore
    lisaattheshore Member Posts: 110
    edited September 2010

    oooops,  or eat nachos and pizza while lying on the couch drinking.........

  • Twinmom77
    Twinmom77 Member Posts: 303
    edited September 2010

     wish I had known how big an influence alcohol consumption has on getting bc. I think sugar is definitely part of it, but in addition to that, alcohol causes estrogen levels to rise.  Being highly ER+, and trying to get my estrogen levels down, I'm just not willing to risk it anymore.  I know what you mean about it being hard to quit.  I was an extremely heavy drinker prior to dianosis (about 4-6 drinks a night,  5-6 nights a week, hellooooo, alcoholic!!!) and I'm the type of person that can not stop at one drink. But I've managed to cut down to one drink every 3-5 months.  It just doesn't relax me anymore because while I'm having that glass of wine, I'm worrying about how much my estrogen levels are going up.  I miss beer terribly, and it's hard to go out to dinner with friends and not drink, but I'd miss my health more!

  • Twinmom77
    Twinmom77 Member Posts: 303
    edited September 2010

    lisa - I second that!  I wish there was a disease that required eating chocolate chip cookie dough by day and wings, jalopeno poppers, and beer at night!

  • pickle
    pickle Member Posts: 1,409
    edited September 2010

    Great topic and appreciate the honesty. I was just thinking about this tonight as I sip my wine...I like wine with dinner. I don't drink soda, don't eat sweets because I really don't like sweet things but I like my wine. My DH and I usually drink a bottle a night between us....is that excessive? I am not overweight and like I mentioned...I don't eat sugar...do I get a pass...lol?

  • lago
    lago Member Posts: 17,186
    edited September 2010

    I just read an article that people who exercise, eat right including a lot of veggies, don't drink much lower, aren't overweight their risk of BC.

    Didn't work for me. My risk of getting this at my age was like 1-2%. I hardly ever drink.

    Granted I'm not going to start drinking heavily although it might get me through chemo ;-)

  • lisaattheshore
    lisaattheshore Member Posts: 110
    edited September 2010

    You are right, twin, missed the estrogen connection. 

    At my age, the increased risk from drinking was .002.  I don't think that is very much.  But again, since then, the study came out that relates alcohol specifically to ILC, rather than IDC. 

    I am sure there are great variations between some one who drinks but eats in an otherwise healthy way and gets excercize, and someone who starts drinking at 9am and sits around smoking in a bar eating bar food.  But it hardly matters for all of us, since we are all here regardless of which we did!  So.........

    I will just add that I LOVE poppers, and we make our own........fresh peppers, make the filling, often make our own crumbs from homemade bread, and have our own chickens........crazy, I know..........

  • 1Athena1
    1Athena1 Member Posts: 6,696
    edited September 2010

    Learning that there is ANY connection between alcohol and ANY breast cancer strikes me as cruel. I used to go for weeks without drinking, but since dx I have one drink almost every night. Suffice it to say that one's anxiety goes up - particularly if one had to stop smoking to prevent recurrence or related cancers.

     I don't know what kind of mentally stable person they expect us to be. Their health orders seem to be: get a dx that is as anxiety-producing as hell, but don't drink or smoke or eat comfort foods? That is not reasonable! Lol! 

  • Annabella58
    Annabella58 Member Posts: 2,466
    edited September 2010

    Hi ladies this thread cracks me up....love it!

    There is no truth to sugar feeding cancer,that one's a myth (per MSK oncologist) as I love my chocolate and would rather eat that than food.  so I asked :(.

    There is truth to the alcohol/cancer thing, but she told me that if I'm not having Jack Daniels for my breakfast, and can stick to one or two wine spritzers or 1 glass of wine a week with a pizza or some food, it's fine.  Not optimum, but fine.  Everything in moderation.  She also said that I should eat normally, that people that go all extreme with health foods, veggie diets, etc., are worse off than those of us that eat pretty normally, altho she emphasized the exercise//healthy diet thing.  We do live in a toxic world, I guess.

    sooooo, that is what I do.  Having just had a York peppermint patty, but no wine.

    love

    annie

  • lisaattheshore
    lisaattheshore Member Posts: 110
    edited September 2010

    pickle, a bottle here only has like 3 glasses in it?  Maybe 4?  So you drink betwen 1 and 2 glasses a night?  To me that does not seem excesive, but I am not a medical person. 

    I am more like I would simply love to drink a whole bunch of drinks a night! But who has time!  I have a job, and kids, and a business, and a house/yard/critters.  And hobbies, and friends, etc!  (and nw I have all that plus chemo) Say if I was on vaca, I would certainly expect to drink every night!  I used to sometimes wonder if when the kids left, or when I retired, would I do just that?  Hang around and drink?  Would I be an old lady in a bar taking a taxi home?  Hey--where is the bar anyway?  Do we have a taxi here?  Is that just planning ahead, or a sign of latent problem?  Mainly kidding here.....I expect to be pretty busy then too!

  • Annabella58
    Annabella58 Member Posts: 2,466
    edited September 2010

    Lisaattheshore, I like the way you think girl.

    Now, if i could add some Country Kettle fudge while lying on the couch with poppers and wine,,,,ahhhh perfect.

    And how true is it, that the MOST anxiety provoking disease has to take wine away from us???

    Sometimes I say screw this, and just have a glass and exercise more.

  • Annabella58
    Annabella58 Member Posts: 2,466
    edited September 2010

    ...also, back to the original question.  If I were being totally honest, ladies, I spent alot of time frankly plastered after learning my diagnosis and waiting for surgery.

    It sucked, and I know you guys can relate.

    Lisa, where's that bus.

  • hymil
    hymil Member Posts: 826
    edited September 2010
  • lisaattheshore
    lisaattheshore Member Posts: 110
    edited September 2010

    HI ANNIE!

    Yeah, that two weeks or so........I figured any damage was done, and I was having it removed anyway.....

    Hmmm, I need to look into that bus/taxi situation.  Might need to do some market research, see if a ride is available and how long it takes...maybe another business in the works ;)   Won't be me driving tho!

  • LuvRVing
    LuvRVing Member Posts: 4,516
    edited September 2010

    Just want to correct something regarding alcohol and diabetes...

     most alcohol is processed as a fat by the liver, it does not "turn to sugar" or glucose.  Whatever you mix it with may very well raise glucose levels, if you choose juices or soft drinks, or whatever.  Diabetics are advised to drink carefully because alcohol can lower glucose levels, which could be dangerous if they go too low.  It is always wise to eat something when you drink.  Also, some diabetics' medications have cautions about binge drinking (metformin, for example). 

    As for drinking and breast cancer, I think the latest "news" links alcohol use to ILC.  Each person should discuss alcohol use with their medical team.  If liver function is normal and there are no likely interactions with current medications, then an occasional drink should not be a problem.

    Sleeping pills or anxiety meds probably should not be taken with alcohol.

    Michelle

  • Beesie
    Beesie Member Posts: 12,240
    edited September 2010

    Yes, there does seem to be a proven connection between alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk (or breast cancer recurrence risk) however it's important to know that pretty much all the studies show the increase in BC risk from alcohol to be relatively small.  Additionally, a study from last year suggested that the benefits from moderate alcohol consumption relative to heart health, for example, cancel out any negative effects that alcohol has relative to breast cancer risk. So as long as you consume moderately, the overall risk, if there is any, is minimal.

    The question of course is "what is moderate consumption?"  The studies tend to peg the number pretty low (something like 2 or 3 small glasses of wine per week) but we have to keep in mind that the findings of these studies were based on self-reporting.  Was everyone 100% honest in reporting how much they drunk?  Probably not.  So I'd guess that a 'safe' amount of consumption is higher, I'm guessing probably closer to 5 - 7 glasses of wine per week (and the glasses probably aren't as small as reported).  That's just speculation on my part, but that's what I'm basing my actions on.

    This following video is great.  The speaker is one of the foremost experts on lifestyle factors and cancer, and she's talking about the conclusions of the 2009 study.  For anyone concerned about alcohol consumption, it's worth the 3 minutes to watch this:

    http://www.ecancermedicalscience.com/tv/video-by-category.asp?play=364&cid=5&scid=0&q=

  • jpb
    jpb Member Posts: 15
    edited September 2010

    Thanks ladies for all your replies so far. Food(or wine!) for thought!

  • Twinmom77
    Twinmom77 Member Posts: 303
    edited September 2010

    lisa - how did you find out your increased risk for drinking?  I'd like to figure out mine. The homemade poppers sound awesome and are probably a bit better for you than the restaraunt version too.  Do you mean you raise your own chickens?!  I would love to do that someday.

    Once my kids are grown and I'm 65 or 70, I for sure plan on being that old lady at the bar!  Where's my cab? But at 33, I've got a little ways to go!  

    ...I just realized this is the 40-60ish forum.  I hope you guys don't mind me butting in!

  • ToriGirl
    ToriGirl Member Posts: 1,188
    edited October 2010

    All I know is,,,I miss my DOS EQUIS lager with fresh lime...

    2nd treatment of TC tomorrow, so I'm on the wagon until after treatment, at least...still need to discuss it more with my medical team...

    Have a great night!

    Tori

    DE COLORES! 

  • RachelKa
    RachelKa Member Posts: 174
    edited August 2013

    Hey JPB,

    I may not be helping to say this - but I'm with you - I can't give up the vino either. I have done everything I  can to justify staying with it because it tastes so good and is so relaxing.  First, I'll say, my oncologist sticks with the studies that say 7 glasses per week of red is ok.  Though I do more like 8 or 9 and in like water glasses. But I water it down just a little and allow myself almost no other sugar other than maybe a serving or two of berries (cancer-fighting antioxidants) a week. I also do other good things like almost no meat or chicken (even cutting back will help you if giving up meat will be as hard for you as giving up drinking.) Also, whether it's true or not, some researchers claim certain foods help regulate your insulin (I dont know if that means your sugar may not spike as much when you drink?) You may want to research on the internet. There are organic wines that aren't expensive but I haven't checked yet to see if they are lower in sugar. Also, it's believed that some breast cancers may feed more off sugar from alcohol than others - I think estrogen positive may be more of a guzzler. I know, if you're estrogen positive, hearing that probably just makes you want to pop the cork!  As you see I've looked for everything I can to justify swigging. But this is what I keep tellling myself: If I do a balancing act (wine in place of other sugars, excercise, ya ta da ta da)  I can give myself a break. Does that sound good??

  • RachelKa
    RachelKa Member Posts: 174
    edited October 2010

    Hey JPB,

    I may not be helping to say this - but I'm with you - I can't give up the vino either. I have done everything I  can to justify staying with it because it tastes so good and is so relaxing.  First, I'll say, my oncologist sticks with the studies that say 7 glasses per week of red is ok.  Though I do more like 8 or 9 and in like water glasses. But I water it down just a little and allow myself almost no other sugar other than maybe a serving or two of berries (cancer-fighting antioxidants) a week. I also do other good things like almost no meat or chicken (even cutting back will help you if giving up meat will be as hard for you as giving up drinking.) Also, whether it's true or not, some researchers claim certain foods help regulate your insulin (I dont know if that means your sugar may not spike as much when you drink?) You may want to research on the internet. There are organic wines that aren't expensive but I haven't checked yet to see if they are lower in sugar. Also, it's believed that some breast cancers may feed more off sugar from alcohol than others - I think estrogen positive may be more of a guzzler. I know, if you're estrogen positive, hearing that probably just makes you want to pop the cork!  As you see I've looked for everything I can to justify swigging. But this is what I keep tellling myself: If I do a balancing act (wine in place of other sugars, excercise, ya ta da ta da)  I can give myself a break. Does that sound good??

  • cary1
    cary1 Member Posts: 372
    edited November 2010

    I have to say I got really confused in this thread with the references to "poppers" :) But a quick trip to Google showed me the term could mean something other than I thought. I had no idea, but they sound delicious.

    I could go months without drinking before BC, though on vacations I often drank every night. What I miss is having it be a total non-issue. Now that I feel I can't drink (am overweight, 100% estrogen positive, etc.), I really want to. Lately I have been having maybe one or two drinks a month or less. I am probably going overboard a bit with the abstention, but I am worried. I heard one physician speculate on whether the effect could be countered by popping some folic acid at the same time. Anyone else heard that?

  • elimar86861
    elimar86861 Member Posts: 7,416
    edited October 2010

    I'm posting an excerpt of a post I had on another thread, cause it goes with your topic...

                                          ------------------------------------------------------

    The official word around here is this:  "Cutting back on alcohol represents a real step that a breast cancer survivor can take to reduce her risk of recurrence," says Marisa Weiss, M.D., the president and founder of the advocacy group Breastcancer.org. "You don't have to give up alcohol, but use it more carefully and in moderation."

    If you care to read a more limiting stance, I found the following article which specifically studies a group of middle-aged women, drinking and cancer:

              http://women.webmd.com/news/20090224/alcohol-linked-to-cancer-risk-in-women

                                         -------------------------------------------------------

    p.s. Last year, when I did my radiation, a study showed that one 3-4 oz. glass of wine a day was beneficial in preventing skin breakdown. 

  • Lemonader
    Lemonader Member Posts: 5
    edited November 2010

    I'm picking up this thread at a really late point, maybe, but:

    Lisaattheshore:  What's the source on alcohol being more dangerous for ILC than other BCs?  It seems like I keep HEARING lately that alcohol increases estrogen, but that's such a broad statement.  I keep wanting to know how, in what cases, how much, who's doing the research?  Anything, ANYTHING that will say that I'm not shooting myself in the foot by having a couple drinks a week.  I'm ER+, Stage IV bones-only, IDC and on Aromatase having recently failed on Femara.  Anybody got some words for me?

  • CrazyKitties
    CrazyKitties Member Posts: 180
    edited February 2011

    80% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor positve, yet not all 80% of those patients drink. Think about that for a moment! I think we are getting or have been exposed to more endocrine disruptors from our food and environment than anything else.

  • IllinoisNancy
    IllinoisNancy Member Posts: 722
    edited February 2011

    Got this from a post by a friend on ILC:

    I think if we read enough studies we will find support of what we wish to believe.

    I found this and it states the complete opposite of what I read just last month...this states that alcohol increases IDC but not lobular or a hot of other breast cancers (read down to the middle with bullets).  I still think cancer is a crap shoot.  I too know too many women who were alcoholics and took HRT and are now in their 60s and still no cancer and other women who were vegetarians, exercised had a perfect BMI and never drank and got cancer....

     Drinking Alcohol and Breast Cancer: Alcohol Consumption as a Risk Factor

    The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism has conducted an exhaustive analysis of the scientific medical evidence regarding alcohol and breast cancer. It concludes that "The effect of alcohol on the risk for breast cancer remains controversial" and describes it as "inconclusive." 1 Consistent with this conclusion, the National Cancer Institute does not include alcohol consumption as a risk factor in its Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool. 2
    AddThis Feed Button
    Additional Information

    * Alcohol and Breast Cancer
    * Folate, Alcohol & Breast Cancer Risk
    * Folate, Alcohol, and Breast Cancer
    * Breast Cancer and Folic Acid
    * Moderate Drinking and Breast Cancer
    * Alcohol and Breast Cancer
    * Alcohol and breast cancer in the elderly

    ...for more: Health Issues

    Some studies have found a correlation between alcohol and breast cancer. The association is typically, although not always, described variously as "modest," 3 "minor," 4 "weak," 5 "generally weak," 6 "relatively weak," 7 "small" 8 and "very small." 9 Some studies have found no association between drinking alcohol, especially at moderate levels, and breast cancer. 10 Other scientific studies have found that drinking alcohol in moderation is associated with a reduction of breast cancer risk. 11

    The nature and inconsistency of the evidence 12 has called into question the existence of any causal link between moderate alcohol consumption and breast cancer.

    Fortunately, the risk of breast cancer is low. "A typical 50-year-old woman has a five-year breast cancer risk of about 3 percent. If her risk jumps by 30 percent, her individual risk is still only about 4 percent." 13 The risk of dying from heart disease is about ten to twelve times greater than dying from breast cancer among women in the U.S.

    It appears that drinking alcohol increases the risk of invasive ductal carcinoma, a major form of breast cancer. However, there is no evidence that it increases the risk of

    * Inflammatory breast cancer (the most aggressive and dangerous breast cancer), 14
    * Basal-like carcinoma breast cancer, 15
    * Invasive lobular carcinoma breast cancer, 16
    * Medullary carcinoma breast cancer, 17
    * Mucinous carcinoma breast cancer, 18
    * Pagets disease (cancer) of the nipple, 19
    * Phyllodes breast tumors, 20
    * Triple-negative breast cancer, 21
    * Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast, 22
    * Papillary carcinoma of the breast, 23
    * Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) breast cancer, 24
    * Hereditary breast cancer, 25
    * Metaplastic breast cancer, 26 or
    * Male breast cancer. 27

    There is scientific evidence that adequate consumption of Vitamin B-9 (folate or folic acid) may eliminate any risk of breast cancers associated with drinking alcohol. An exhaustive review of the research evidence has found that women who drink alcohol and have a high folate intake are not at increased risk of breast cancers compared to those who abstain from alcohol. 28

    An example of the evidence comes for a study of over 17,000 Australian women aged 40-69 over a period of about ten years. Women who consumed 40 grams of alcohol per day (about three drinks) and took 200 micrograms of Vitamin B9 every day, had a lower risk of breast cancers than did women who abstained from alcohol. 29

    Foods rich in folate include citrus fruits, citrus juices, dark green leafy vegetables, dried beans, and peas. Most daily multiple-vitamin tablets also contain Vitamin B9. 30

    About 50% of women in the U.S. die from cardiovascular heart diseases (CHD) and about 5% die from breast cancer. That means that the average woman's risk of dying from heart disease or stroke is about ten times higher than her risk of dying from breast cancer.

    It is important to balance the risk of cardiovascular diseases against the risk of breast cancer. Unless contraindicated, drinking in moderation is associated with better health and greater longevity but there is no best answer for everyone. Therefore, women should consult their health care providers to discuss their risk factors for these and other diseases based on their own specific genetic background, health, environment and life style.

    In the words of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism,"Individual women, with the help of their physicians, must weigh their potential increased risk for breast cancer against their potential reduced risk for CHD in determining whether alcohol consumption should be reduced." 31

    Regardless of a woman's decision, three things that contribute significantly to better health in general are (1) not to smoke, (2) not to be overweight and (3) to exercise regularly.

    The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) recommends that a woman consume no more than three drinks in any one day and an average of no more than seven drinks per week.

    A standard alcoholic drink is:

    * A 12-ounce can or bottle of regular beer
    * A 5-ounce glass of dinner wine
    * A shot (one and one-half ounces) of 80 proof liquor or spirits such as vodka, tequila, or rum either straight or in a mixed drink.

    Standard drinks contain equivalent amounts of alcohol. To a breathalyzer, they're all the same.

    There is no evidence that any form of alcohol (beer, wine, or liquor - distilled spirits) confers greater health benefits than an other.

    * A clearer understanding of breast cancer risk and alcohol. Mayo Clinic Health Letter, September 2002, 20(9), 4.
    * Alcohol and breast cancer. Harvard Health Letter, 1998, 23(6), 8.
    * Alcohol and breast cancer analysis. The Lancet, 1998, 9102, 575.
    * Alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer. International Clinical Nutrition Review, 2000, 20(2). 96.
    * Baglietto, L., et al. Does dietary folate intake modify effect of alcohol consumption on breast cancer risk? Prospective cohort study. British Medical Journal (clinical research edition), 2005, 331(7520), 807.
    * Bailey, L.B. Folate, methyl-related nutrients, alcohol and the MTHFR 677C -->T polymorphous affect cancer risk: intake recommendations. Journal of Nutrition, 2003, 133, 37485-37535.
    * Ballagh, S.A. Alcohol: the link between hormone replacement and breast cancer risk - The critical role of alcohol consumption in determining the risk ofbreast ;cancer with postmenopausal estrogen administration. Women's Health Issues, 1999, 9(6), 338-342.
    * Baumgartner, Kathy .B., et al. Is alcohol intake associated with breast cancer in Hispanic women? The New Mexico Women's Health Study. Ethnicity & Disease, 2002, 12(4), 460-469.
    * Baumgartner, Kathy B. Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer Risk among Hispanic and non-Hispanic White Women in New Mexico. Thesis. Houston, TX: University of Texas, 1999.
    * Berstad, Paula, et al. Alcohol intake and breast cancer risk among young women. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2008, 108(1), 113-120.
    * Bessaoud, F., and Daures, J.P. Patterns of alcohol (especially wine) consumption and breast cancer risk: a case-control study among a population in southern France. Annals of Epidemiology, 2008, 18(6), 467-475.
    * Bissonauth, Vishnee, et al. Risk of breast cancer among French-Canadian women, noncarriers of more frequent BRCA1/2 mutations and consumption of total energy, coffee, and alcohol. Breast Journal, 2009, 15( Supp.1), S63-S71.
    * Bowlin S. J., Leske M. C., Varma A., Nasca P., Weinstein A., Caplan L. Breast cancer risk and alcohol consumption: results from a large case-control study. International Journal of Cancer. 1997; 26:915-923.
    * Breast cancer and alcohol intake. Australian Journal of Medical Herbalism, 1998, 10(4), 148.
    * Chen, W.Y., et al. Use of postmenopausal hormones, alcohol, and risk of invasive breast cancer. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2002, 137(10), 798-804.
    * Coutelle, C., et al. Risk factors in alcohol associated breast cancer: Alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphism and estrogens. International Journal of Oncology, 2004, 25(4), 1127-1132.
    * Deandrea, S., et al. Alcohol and breast cancer risk defined by estrogen and progesterone receptor status: a case-control study. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 2008, 17(8), 2025.
    * Duffy, C.M., et al. Alcohol and folate intake and breast cancer risk in the WHI Observational Study. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2009, 116(3), 551-563.
    * Dumitrescu, Ramona G. and Shields, Peter G. The etiology of alcohol-induced breast cancer. Alcohol, 2005, 34(9), 213.
    * Ellison, R.C., et al. Exploring the relation of alcohol consumption to risk of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2001, 154(8), 740-747.
    * Enger, S.M., et al. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer oestrogen and progesterone receptor status. British Journal of Cancer, 1999, 79(7-8), 1308-1314.
    * Ericson, Ulrika, et al. High folate intake is associated with lower breast cancer incidence in postmenopausal women in the Malmo Diet and Cancer cohort. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2007, 86(2), 434.
    * Ferraroni, M., et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer: a multicentre Italian case-control study. European Journal of Cancer, 1998, 34(9), 1403-1409.
    * Fleischer, Wendy. The Association between Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer, Stratified by Predicted BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Carier Status. Thesis. New Haven, CT: Yale University, 1999.
    * Franceschi, Silvia, et al. Alcohol consumption and survival after breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention: A Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2009, 18(3), 1011.
    * Franceschi, Silvia, et al. Alcohol and breast cancer in young Italian women. Epidemiology, 1998, 9(2), 215.
    * Freudenheim, Jo L. Lifetime Alcohol Exposure and Breast Cancer Risk. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center, 2000.
    * Freudenheim, Jo L., et al. Alcohol dehydrogenase 3 genotype modification of the association of alcohol consumption wit breast cancer. Cancer Causes and Control, 1999, 10(5), 369.
    * Freudenheim J. L., Marshall J. R., Graham S., et al. Lifetime alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer. Nutrition Cancer. 1995; 23:1-11.
    * Gallus, S., et al. Alcohol postmenopausal hormones, and breast cancer. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2003, 139(7), 601-602.
    * Garland, Miriam, et al. Alcohol consumption in relation to breast cancer risk in a cohort of United States women 25-42 years of age. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, & Prevention, 1999, 8(11), 1017.
    * Ghai, Nirupa Rajendra. Dietary Folate, Alcohol and the Risk of Breast Cancer. Thesis. New Haven, CT: Yale University, 2002.
    * Ginsburg, E.S. Estrogen, alcohol and breast cancer risk. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1999, 69(1-6), 299-306.
    * Hamajima, N., et al. Alcohol, tobacco and breast cancer- collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 53 epidemiological studies, including 58515 women with breast cancer and 95067 women without the disease. British Journal of Cancer, 2002, 87, 1234-1245.
    * Hankinson, Susan E. Prospective Analyses of Hormone Levels, Alcohol Intake, and Body Fat Distribution in Relation to Breast Cancer Risk. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information, 1998.
    * Hines, Lisa M., et al. Prospective study of the effect of alcohol consumption and ADH3 genotype on plasma steroid hormone levels and breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 2000, 9(10), 1099.
    * Holmberg L., Baron J. A., Byers T., et al. Alcohol intake and breast cancer risk: effect of exposure from 15 years of age. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers Prev. 1995; 4:843-847.
    * Jain, M.G., et al. Alcohol and breast cancer mortality in a cohort study. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2000, 64(2), 201-209.
    * Kinney, A.Y., et al. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer among black and white women in North Carolina (United States). Cancer Causes & Control, 2000, 11(4), 345-357.
    * Key, Anne, et al. Meta-analysis of studies of alcohol and breast cancer with consideration of the methodological issues. Cancer Causes and Control, 2006, 17(6), 759-770.
    * Knight, Julia A., et a. Alcohol intake and cigarette smoking and risk of a contralateral breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2009, 169(8), 962-968.
    * Kropp, S., et al. Low-to-moderate alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk by age 50 years among women in Germany. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2001, 154(7), 624-634.
    * Kuper, H., et al. Alcohol and breast cancer risk: the alcoholism paradox. British Journal of Cancer, 2000, 83(7), 949-951.
    * Kyate, Naa O. Cultural and Contextual Determinants of Alcohol Use Among African American Women: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Breast Cancer Risk. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center, 2007.
    * Lajous, M., et al. Folate, vitamin B12 and postmenopausal breast cancer in a prospective study of French women. Cancer Causes and Control, 2006, 17(9), 1209-1213.
    * Larsson, S.C., et al. Folate and risk of breast cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2007, 64-76.
    * Lash, Timothy and Aschengrau, Ann. Alcohol drinking and risk of breast cancer. Breast Journal, 2000, 6(6), 396-399.
    * Lenz, Sara K. A Population-Based, Case-Controlled Study of Breast Cancer andAlcohol Consumption amongPostmenopausal Women Living in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Thesis. Montreal, Canada:McGill University, 2000.
    * Lenz SK, Goldberg MS, Labreche F, Parent M-E, Valois M-F (2002) Association between alcohol consumption and postmenopausal breast cancer. Cancer Causes and Control, 2002, 13:701-710.
    * Levi F., Pasche C., Lucchini F., La Vecchia C. Alcohol and breast cancer in the Swiss Canton of Vaud. European Journal of Cancer. 1996; 32A:2108- 2113.
    * Lew, J.Q., et al. Alcohol and risk of breast cancer by histologic type and hormone receptor status in postmenopausal women: the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2009, 170(3), 308-317.
    * Lewis, Sarah J., et al. Meta-analyses of observational and genetic association studies of folate intakes or levels and breast cancer risk. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2006, 98(22), 1607-1622.
    * Li, Y., et al. Wine, liquor, beer and risk of breast cancer in a large population. European Journal of Cancer, 2002, 45(5), 843-850.
    * Longnecker M. P., Newcomb P. A., Mittendorf R., et al. Risk of breast cancer in relation to lifetime alcohol consumption. Journal of National Cancer Institute. 1995; 87:923-929.
    * Longnecker M.P., Paganini-Hill A., Ross R. K. Lifetime alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women in Los Angeles. Cancer Epidemiological Biomarkers Prev. 1995; 4:721-725.
    * Longnecker, M.P. The Framingham results on alcohol and breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 1999, 149(2), 102-104.
    * McPherson, K. Alcohol and breast cancer. European Journal of Cancer, 1998, 34(9), 1307-1308.
    * Mannisto, S., et al. Lifetime alcohol consumption and breast cancer: a case-control study in Finland. Public Health Nutrition, 2000, 3(1), 11-18.
    * Marcus, Pamela M., et al. The associations of adolescent cigarette smoking, alcoholic beverage consumption, environmental tobacco smoke, and ionizing radiation with subsequent breast cancer risk (United States). Cancer Causes and Control, 2000, 11(3), 271.
    * May, Cheryl E. Awareness of the Relationship between Alcohol Intake and Breast Cancer Risk among Cal Poly Students. Thesis. San Louis Obispo, CA: California Polytechnic State University, 2002.
    * Meara, J., et al. Alcohol, cigarette smoking and breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 1989, 60(1), 70-73.
    * Meng, Q., et al. Stimulation of cell invasion and migration by alcohol in breast cancer. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2000, 273(2), 448-453.
    * Morch, L.S., et al. Alcohol drinking, consumption patterns and breast cancer among Danish nurses: a cohort study. European Journal of Public Health, 2007, 17(6), 624-629.
    * More details on alcohol and breast cancer. International Clinical Nutrition Review, 1998, 18(2), 115.
    * Murch, Lina. S., et al. Alcohol drinking, consumption patterns, and breast cancer among Danish nurses: a cohort study. European Journal of Public Health, 2007, 17(6), 624-629.
    * Nagata, C., et al. Alcohol drinking and breast cancer risk. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2000, 37(8), 568-574.
    * Nielsen, N.R. and Gronbaek, M. Interactions between intakes of alcohol and postmenopausal hormones on risk of breast cancer. International Journal of Cancer, 2008, 122(5), 1109-1113.
    * Nomura, Abraham. Epidemiological Cohort Study of Diet and Life Style Factors among Hawaiian Women with Breast Cancer in Hawaii. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information, 1999.
    * Petri, A.L., et al. Alcohol intake, type of beverage, and risk of cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, 2004, 28(7), 1084-1090.
    * Platek, Mary E. Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Breast Cancer: An Epidemiological Investigation of Possible Mechanisms. Thesis. Buffalo, NY: State University of New York, 2008.
    * Reding, Kerryn and Malone, Kathleen. Alcohol consumption and survival after breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention: A Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2009, 18(3), 1012.
    * Rohan, T.E., et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer: a cohort study. Cancer Causes and Control, 2000, 11(3), 239.
    * Rohan, T.E., et al. Dietary folate consumption and breast cancer risk. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2000, 92(3), 266-268.
    * Satomi, Y., et al. Induction of AP-1 activity by perillyl alcohol in breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis, 1999, 20(10), 1957-1962.
    * Seitz, H.K. and Maurer, B. The relationship between alcohol metabolism, estrogen levels, and breast cancer risk, Alcohol Research &Health, 2007, 30(1), 42-43.
    * Shrubsole, Martha J. Folate and Breast Cancer. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information, 2004.
    * Shrubsole, Martha J., et al. Dietary folate and breast cancer risk: results from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study. Cancer Research, 2001, 61(19), 7136-7141.
    * Silva, Idos S. Alcohol, tobacco and breast cancer: should alcohol be condemned and tobacco acquitted? British Journal of Cancer, 2002, 87(11), 1195-1196.
    * Singletary, K.W. and Gapstur, S.M. Alcohol and breast cancer: review of epidemiological and experimental evidence and possible mechanisms. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 2001, 286(17), 2143.
    * Smith, T. Alcohol and breast cancer. New Zealand Medical Journal, 2008, 121(1272), 101-102.
    * Smith-Warner, S.A., et al. Alcohol and breast cancer in women: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association, 1998, 279(7), 535.
    * Soerjomataram, I., et al. Did alcohol protect against death from breast cancer in Russia? Lancet, 2009, 374(9694), 975-976.
    * Stice, Ashley E. A Proposed Case-Control Study of Alcohol Intake and Breast Cancer in Women. Thesis. San Louis Obispo, CA: California Polytechnic State University, 2000.
    * Stoll, B.A. Review - Alcohol intake and late-stage promotion of breast cancer. European Journal of Cancer, 1999, 35(12), 1653.
    * Stolzenberg-Solomon, R.Z., et al. Folate intake, alcohol use, and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2006, 83(4), 895-904.
    * Stuurmer, T., et al. Interaction between alcohol dehydrogenase II gene, alcohol consumption, and risk for breast cancer. British Joiurnal of Cancer, 2002, 87(5), 519-523.
    * Summaries for patients. Alcohol, postmenopausal hormone therapy, and breast cancer. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2002, 137(10), 143.
    * Swanson C. A., Coates R. J., Malone K. E., et al. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk among women under age 45 years. Epidemiology. 1997; 8:231-237.
    * Tan, Duan-Jun, et al. Alcohol drinking and breast cancer. Breast Cancer Online, 2006, 9(4), 1-11.
    * Terry, M.B., et al. Lifetime alcohol intake and breast cancer risk. Annals of Epidemiology, 2006, 16(3), 230-240.
    * Thygesen, L.C., et al. Use of baseline and updated information on alcohol intake on risk for breast cancer: importance of latency. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2008, 37(3), 669-677.
    * Tjonneland, A., et al. Alcohol intake and breast cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cancer Causes and Control, 2007, 361-373.
    * Tjonneland, Anne, et al. Nutrition and cancer - lifetime alcohol consumption and postmenopausal breast cancer in Denmark: a prospective cohort study. Journal of Nutrition, 2004, 134(1), 173.
    * Tseng, Marilyn, et al. Calculation of population attributable risk for alcohol and breast cancer (United States). Cancer Causes and Control, 1999, 10(2), 119.
    * Vaeth, P.A.C. and Satariano, W.A. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer stage at diagnosis. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 1998, 22(4), 928.
    * van den Brandt P. A., Goldbohm R. A., van't Veer P. Alcohol and breast cancer: results from the Netherlands Cohort Study. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1995; 141:907-915.
    * Visvanathan, Kala, et al. Alcohol dehydrogenase genetic polymorphisms, low-to-moderate alcohol consumption, and risk of breast cancer. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 2007, 31(3), 467-476.
    * Wright, Richard M. The Role of Molybdenum Hydroxylase Generated Free Radicals in Alcohol Induced Breast Cancer. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information, 2001.
    * Yu, Chu-Ling. Cigarette Smoking, Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer Risk. Thesis. New Haven, CT: Yale University, 1999.
    * Yu, H. and Berkel, J. Do insulin-like growth factors mediate the effect of alcohol on breast cancer risk? Medical Hypotheses, 1999, 52(6), 491-496.
    * Yu, H., et al. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk. JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association, 1998, 280(13), 1137.
    * Young-in, Kim. The Effects of Folate on the Development of Breast Cancer in a Chemical Rodent Model of Mammary Carcinogenesis. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information, 2002.
    * Zaridge, D., et al. Did alcohol protect against death from breast cancer in Russia? Authors' reply. The Lancet, 2009, 374(9694), 975-976.
    * Zhang, S., et al. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk in the Women's Health Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2007, 165(6), 667-676.
    * .Zhang, S. A prospective study of folate intake and the risk of breast cancer. JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association, 1999, 281(17), 1632-1637.
    * Zhang, Y., et al. Alcohol consumption and the risk of breast cancer: the Framingham Study revisited. American Journal of Epidemiology, 1999, 149(2), 93-101.
    * Zhang, Y., et al. "The Framingham results on alcohol and breast cancer." American Journal of Epidemiology, 1999, 149(2), 105.

    References

    * 1. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. State of the Science Report on the Effects of Moderate Drinking. Washington, DC: National Institutes of Health, December 19, 2003.
    * 2. National Cancer Institute. Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool. cancer.gov/bcrisktool
    * 3. Ellison, R.C., et al. Exploring the relation of alcohol consumption to risk of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2001, 154(8), 740-747; Ashley, M.J., et al. Moderate drinking and health: Implications of recent evidence. Canadian Family Physician, 1997, 43, 687-694.
    * 4. Morch, L.S., et al. Alcohol drinking, consumption patterns and breast cancer among Danish nurses: a cohort study. European Journal of Public Health, 2007, 17(6), 624-629.
    * 5. Sturgeon, S.R., et al. Geographic variation in mortality from breast cancer among white women in the United States. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 1995, 87, 1846-1853; UK Department of Health.advisorybodies.doh.gov.uk/pdfs/alcbrrev.pdf; Longnecker, M.P., et al, (1988) A meta-analysis of alcohol consumption in relation to risk of breast cancer. JAMA, 1988, 260, 652-656; Longnecker, M.P. Alcoholic beverage consumption in relation to risk of breast cancer: some observations on published case control studies. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 1994, 207-216
    * 6. Roth, A.D., et al. Alcoholic beverages and breast cancer: some observations on published cases control studies. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 1994, 47, 207-216.
    * 7. Meister, K.A., et al. The health effects of moderate alcohol intake in humans: An epidemiologic review. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2000, 37, 261-296.
    * 8. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Alcohol Alert. No. 21, PH 345, 1993; Ellison, R.C., et al. Exploring the relation of alcohol consumption to risk of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2001,154(8), 740-747; Friedenrich,C.M., et al. A cohort study of alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 1993, 137(5), 512-520; Nasca, P.C., et al. An epidemiological case-control study of breast cancer and alcohol consumption. International Journal of Epidemiology, 1990,19(3), 532-538; Longnecker, M.P., et al. A meta-analysis of alcohol consumption in relation to risk of breast cancer. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 1988, 260(5), 652-656; Longnecker, M.P., et al. Alcohol consumption in relation to risk of cancers of the breast and large bowel. Alcohol Health & Research World, 1992,16(3), 223-229; Jain, M.G., et al. Alcohol and breast cancer mortality in a cohort study. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2000, 64(2), 201-209.
    * 9. American Cancer Society. What are the Risk Factors for Breast Cancer? American Cancer Society website, 2009.
    * 10. Clavel-Chapelon, F., et al. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk. IARC Science Publication, 2002,156,155-160; Colditz, G.A. and Rosner, B. (2000) Cumulative risk of breast cancer to age 70 years according to risk factor status. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2000,152, 950-964; Ellison, R.C., et al. Exploring the relation of alcohol consumption to risk of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2001,154, 740-747; Feigelson, H., et al. Alcohol, folate, methione and risk of incident breast cancer in the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II nutrition cohort. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 2003, 12, 161-164; Garland, M., et al. Alcohol consumption in relation to breast cancer risk in a cohort of United States women 25-42 years of age. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 1999, 8, 1017-1021; Gronbaek, M. Factors influencing the relation between alcohol and mortality-with focus on wine. Journal of Internal Medicine, 2001, 250, 291-308; Horn-Ross, P.L., et al. Recent diet and breast cancer risk: the California Teachers Study. Cancer Causes and Control, 2002,13, 407-415; Lash, T.L. and Aschengrau, A. Alcohol drinking and risk of breast cancer. Breast Journal, 2000, 6, 396-399; Rohan, T.E., et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer: a cohort study. Cancer Causes and Control, 2000, 11, 239-247; Smith-Warner, S.A., et al. Alcohol and breast cancer in women: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. JAMA, 1998, 279,535-540; Chu, S.Y., et al. Alcohol consumption and the risk of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 1989, 130(5), 867-877; Zhang, Y., et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer: the Framingham study revisited. American Journal of Epidemiology, 1999,149, 93-101; Tjonneland, A., et al. Alcohol intake, drinking patterns and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in Denmark. Cancer Causes and Control, 2003,14, 277-284; Schatzkin, A. et al. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer: a cross-national correlation study. International Journal of Epidemiology, 1987,18(1), 28-31; Webster, L.A., et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer. Lancet, 1983, 2(8352):724-726; Wellness Facts. Wellness Letter (School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley), 1999, 15(8),1; Petri, A.L., et al. Alcohol intake, type of beverage, and risk of cancer in pre- and post-menopausal women. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, 2004, 28(7), 1084-1090.
    * 11. Baumgartner, K.B., et al. Is alcohol intake associated with breast cancer in Hispanic women? Ethnic Disease, 2002, 12, 460-469; Ranstam, J. and Olsson, H. Alcohol cigarette smoking, and the risk of breast cancer. Cancer Detection and Prevention, 1995, 19, 487-493; Kropp S, et al. Low-to-moderate alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk by age 50 years among women in Germany. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2001,154, 624-634.
    * 12. Cotterchio, M., et al. Hormonal factors and the risk of breast cancer according to estrogen- and progesterone-receptor subgroups. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 2003, 12, 1053; Nagata, Chisato, et al. Alcohol Drinking and Breast Cancer Risk: An Evaluation Based on a Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Evidence among the Japanese Population. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2007, 37(8), 568-574.
    * 13. Parker-Pope, Tara. For women, confusion about alcohol and health. New York Times, October 9, 2007.
    * 14. http://www.cancer.govcancertopics/factsheets/ssites-types/ibc
    * 15. http://www.cancer.net/patient/Cancer+Types/Breast+Cancer+-+Inflammatory
    * 16. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/inflammatory-breast-cancer/DS00632/DSECTION=4
    * 17. http://jco.ascopubs.org/cgi/content/full/26/15/2568
    * 18. http://www.springerlink.com/content/h749w061034h7655/
    * 19. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/DS01063/DSECTION=risk-factors
    * 20. http://www.cancer.net/patient/Cancer+Types/Mastocytosis/Mastocytosis?cpsextcurrchannel=1
    * 21. http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/full/15/5/946
    * 22. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Sites-Types/paget-breast
    * 23. http://books.google.com/books?id=wWVZ6mVFfwcC&pg=PA995&lpg=PA995&dq=risk++"Phyllodes"&source=bl&ots=XquzV5QnBi&sig=xy5kKEZYbVPOiy5hja7g9ph1vcc&hl=en&ei=6lECSqHsOdDgtge16bGSBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    * 24. http://breastcancer.about.com/od/types/tp/tnbc_risk_factors.htm
    * 25. http://info.rare-cancer.org/adenoid-cystic-carcinoma-breast.html
    * 26. http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1P3-356325351.html
    * 27. http://www.cancerbackup.org.uk/Cancertype/Breast/DCISLCIS/DCIS
    * 28. http://www.breastcancer.org/symposiums/dcis/basics.jsp
    * 29. http://www.facingourrisk.org/hereditary_cancer/hereditary_cancer_and_genetics.html.
    * 30. http://www.cancer.net/patient/Cancer+Types/Breast+Cancer+-+Metaplastic
    * 31. American Cancer Society (cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_2X_Do_we_know_what_causes_male_breast_cancer_28.asp?sitearea=&level) and (http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_2X_What_are_the_risk_factors_for_male_breast_cancer_28.asp?rnav=cri)
    * 32. Bailey, L.B. Folate, methyl-related nutrients, alcohol and the MTHFR 677C -->T polymorphous affect cancer risk: intake recommendations. Journal of Nutrition, 2003, 133, 37485-37535.
    * 33. Baglietto, Laura, et al. Does dietary folate intake modify effect of alcohol consumption on breast cancer risk? Prospective cohort study. British Medical Journal, August 8, 2005.
    * 34. Baglietto, Laura, et al. Does dietary folate intake modify effect of alcohol consumption on breast cancer risk? Prospective cohort study. British Medical Journal (clinical research edition), 2005, 331(7520), 807.
    * 35. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. State of the Science Report on the Effects of Moderate Drinking. Washington, DC: National Institutes of Health, December 19, 2003.

    Additional Information on Alcohol and Breast Cancer

    * Alcohol and Breast Cancer
    Dr. William Waddell describes some of the issues in the relationship between drinking alcohol and the risk of breast cancer.
    * Folate, Alcohol & Breast Cancer Risk
    A study of 17,000 women has found that women who consume about three drinks per day but take 200 micrograms of folate or folic acid (Vitamin B9) per day have a lower risk of breast cancer than do alcohol abstainers.
    * Folate, Alcohol, and Breast Cancer
    Women who drink alcohol and have a high folate intake are not at increased risk of breast cancer compared to those who abstain from alcohol, according to an exhaustive review of the research evidence.
    * Breast Cancer and Folic Acid
    Folic acid appears to offset the risk of breast cancer from alcohol among women who drink in moderation.
    * Moderate Drinking and Breast Cancer
    Moderate drinking of alcoholic beverages appears to have little effect on women's risk for breast cancer according to research at the Centre for Alcohol Research at the National Institute for Public Health in Denmark.
    * Alcohol and Breast Cancer
    New data from the ongoing Framingham study indicate that alcohol consumption does not increase the risk of breast cancer.
    * Alcohol and breast cancer in the elderly
    By the age of 80, breast cancer will affect 8.8 of every 100 women. One drink a day raises the risk about one percentage point.

  • cookie97
    cookie97 Member Posts: 908
    edited February 2011

    I think I am more confused than I was before. Thanks so much for all info., I think I'll go have a beer now!

    Peace and Love,

    Edie

  • RachelKa
    RachelKa Member Posts: 174
    edited March 2011

    Breast cancer and alcohol: the latest studies show somewhat higher risk for recurrence if estorgen positive and have something like 7 glasses a week. As far as the sugar from alcohol, thats a concern, but for any of you out there like me who cant wont give up your wine, cinammon lowers blood glucose (reproted in a Pub Med Journal; if you go to Pub Med and google cinammon and blood glucose you'll find it). So I have half a teaspoon of cinammon in my green tea every day.

    Here's an article I wrote on alcohol and breast cancer. There are some links to good info at the end, including a video from Harvard Medical School that sums up the latest research.

    Breast cancer and alcohol So what's the verdict, does drinking alcohol increase the chance for breast cancer or for recurrence?  The answer to this question has been flip flopping. Let's look at the research in recent years, on up to today ...For years, to my ears' delight all we heard was, "Drink vino! It's good for your heart!" A large-scale study in 1995 confirmed this advice to be good - at least among healthy participants. The moderate drinkers actually tended to live longest. (The American Society of Clinical Oncology). In case you were wondering, you slid in as a "moderate drinker" if you stayed with half to two drinks a day.I raised a celebratory glass when another study in 2008 showed that resveratrol, a natural substance in wine, suppresses abnormal cells found in most breast cancers. Wow, between jogs through the woods and my cork popping in between, I was doing myself good.But the story on wine's  benefits changed in 2009. Perfect timing for me - the year I got my diagnosis, and was living for the weekend when I could forget about chemo and scans. I could forget about plummeting white blood cells and just nurse my liter and a half of cabernet. The study reported that seven drinks boosts risk for recurrence by 90 percent.  The numbers climb higher for women who are obese and or who smoke - 50 percent and 120 percent higher, respectively. All the participants' breast cancer was estrogen positive. (American Journal of Clinical Oncology). I'd been holding out that since my cancer does not feed off of estrogen, I don't have to worry. But my new oncologist shook his head disapprovingly when I tried to negotiate my liter and a half a week. No, he said; he wants me to cut way back.Check out this video. http://www.ecancermedicalscience.com/tv/video-by-category.asp?play=364&cid=5&scid=0&q= Professor Michelle Holmes, Harvard Medical School, elaborates on what all the latest research means ... In a nutshell, we don't know if quitting drinking altogether will bring the best outcomes. We know of red wine's heart health benefits, and the jury is still out on whether the breast cancer risk outweighs these benefits.Maybe for now we should keep with the old saying ... "Everything in moderation." But if you're like me, and thought eight glasses of wine a week measures out as "moderate," you might want to downsize your scale.Best, Rachel www.1UpOnCancer.com

  • Anonymous
    Anonymous Member Posts: 1,376
    edited March 2011

    This is all very interesting.  My oncologist said IF I wanted to have a drink no more than one.  I remember he said a glass of wine was 4 ounces ????????  I mentioned the benefits of red wine, he said grape juice and red grapes have the same benefit!!

    Lately the studies show the ER/PR - and the alcohol link is not proved.  WHO knows?

    I really quit drinking for 2 years. I am slowing sliding back.  I really enjoy a drink, a beer, a glass of wine.    BUT I do not want to go through cancer again.

     There is a "drinking thread" here.  I have read through a couple of tmes and the gals are pretty funny - it's kind of like going to a party

Categories