High white blood cell ratio linked to recurrence
Comments
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Interesting! They only used the NLR found after diagnosis but before treatment, so I would think that the NRL after surgery wouldn't be useful. That's the only CBC I could find on record for myself, after surgery (and the NLR was high).
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Elevation after surgery may be normal response to stress. http://jem.rupress.org/content/210/7/1283.full
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I found this of interest. My ratio is high because my lymphocytes are low & seem to continue creeping downwards. On my CBC 2 months after surgery, my nuetrophils were 2.9 & my lymphocytes were 0.8(ratio 3.63). My last count was Neutrophils 3.0 & lymphocytes 0.6(ratio 5.0). I'll have to track down the BJM article & run it by my MO. My WBC count is low & he says it's because my lymphocytes are "bringing it down".
ETA another link on this subject http://link.springer.com/article/10.1245/s10434-01.../page-1
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My lymphocytes have run low for years before and after BC. This puts my ratio consistently between 4 and 4.5.
I suspect for some of us that our outlier ratios are "normal" for us and not indicative of disease. At least let's hope so.
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I am usually a lurker, but I read lots of research. This has me spooked. I had an NLR of 3.5 before surgery, and the ratio has remained the same- however, both my lymphocyte and neutrophil counts are in the normal range, yet abnormal percentages. I have completely changed my diet, exercise every day, am in a Neuvax/herceptin trial, and have fought vigorously. Now I feel like I am just doomed no matter what. I haven't felt this down many times in this journey. Any advice?
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It is normal for the neutrophils to makeup the larger cell population over lymphocytes in a white cell count (WBC). Neutrophils are the most abundant white cell population in a healthy person.
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2085133-over...
https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/...
http://www.healthline.com/health/blood-differentia...
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I love the way researchers come out with studies that show high NLR is a poor indicator for survival, but nobody comes up with any ways to change it! Well, I'm not waiting, I'm taking curcumin (turmeric) with piperene to reduce inflammation (neutrophils) and maitake mushrooms to boost my natural killer cell count (lymphocytes).
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24157330
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23875900
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24856767
(Turkey tail mushroom)
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It seems like there are 2 ways to get a high ratio. Your neutrophils go up(as in response to inflamation) or your lymphocytes go down. Have to wonder if one might be more favorable than the other. I guess this interests me even though there is nothing I can do about it. I'm just not a believer in supplements. Even if this is a piece to the puzzle, my guess is it would probably come in around "2%", like everything else. I'm not losing sleep over this. It's just one of the very few things about BC that perhaps pertain to me. Can't lose weight(thin), diet is pretty damn good, ...........someone else should have gotten BC not me..............etc
It's been studied in colon cancer patients for some time. When I have time, I plan to look into that & see what I can learn. I don't see my MO until Sept. He's surely to have heard about it associated with colon CA.
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My MO has been telling me my lymphocytes are low, but doesn't say what I should do about it, nor whether that is good or bad.
I checked my labs and saw another way the ratio could rise. This happened last year around this time: my neutrophils skyrocketed to 5 and lymphocytes tanked to 0.005 due to tissue trauma from injury (thanks cp418 for that link!). Definitely not good. My counts have since recovered and the ratio is now below 1 instead of 1,000!
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Which White cells? My eosinophils have been above normal ever since diagnosis.........
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An increase in eosinophils may be seen with allergies as in the spring/fall allergy seasons.
Many years ago when I was a Medical Technologist we did all these CBC counts manually under a microscope (now all automated). We were taught back then about the shifts in the different white cell populations for a particular medical condition. The basics being that segmented white cells were neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils with the major cell population being neutrophils. The neutrophils were associated with a phagocytic role to respond to an infection (bacteria, stress) and you would see a spike (increase) in this cell type. So if someone had pneumonia of the bacteria type (pneumococcal - confirmed in a sputum sample) they would have a spike in neutrophils to fight this infection. A broken leg or during child birth an increase may occur as the body responds to stress or injury.
The lymphocytes were associated with an immune response of B and T cell types to respond by producing antibodies as in viral infections. So if a person had a viral infection you would see a shift in the total WBCs to see many lymphocytes. The text book example is mononucleosis where you will see a higher population in some patients for this viral infection.
I want to say I'm not an medical expert and so much research has been done to understand the complex role and immune response to these various white cell types. These were the basics back then and we are learning more. TONS of research has occurred and is ongoing to understand the immune response to cancer and try to create new vaccine therapies. ALL NEW. The research in this article is new and we should never jump to conclusions.
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This is interesting information. I'm with Fallleaves and cp418...they inform us of these research findings and rarely have suggestions on what to do about them. I'm going to continue taking my curcumin and maitake...my life is on the line...and by my own personal choice, I am not waiting either. There is so much information in the pipeline regarding cancer but very little coming out of the pipeline to help/treat us...jumping to conclusions has become futile for me because I feel so jacked around by all the dangling of carrots (research) in front of our faces.
Thanks cp418 for taking so much of your personal time to share information on bco!
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To add--this article does not talk about another important ratio (yet another reason not to jump to conclusions), TILs:
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a type of white blood cell found in tumors. TILs are implicated in killing tumor cells, and the presence of lymphocytes in tumors is often associated with better clinical outcomes.[1][2]
http://www.esmo.org/Conferences/Past-Conferences/E...
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Thanks - some of this helps a little! I am with you, Coraleliz - I am extremely healthy, great (mostly anti-inflammatory) diet, and this ratio just doesn't make sense to me! I am wondering if it is because of how stressed I was between biopsy and surgery (when the CBC was taken). I couldn't eat, and whatever I ate went right through me. My ratio was high during chemo and radiation, but I had DD therapy and Neulasta shots every 2 weeks, which messes with the neutrophil numbers. I haven't had any blood taken since finishing chemo and radiation. It is frustrating how many studies there are claiming to have found "the predictor" for recurrence. And I am sure all of us feel bad about some of those and good about some of those. The bottom line is, we can't really know. Just live as if 1) life is precious and 2) we got this. It is crazy how one little study sent me into such a panic, I have been dealing relatively well with all this until now~
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mamabear0, I've had several studies send me into a panic too but with time, I've learned to filter out and take action that's appropriate for me (that's how I deal with your number #2 above). We each are different as is each of our breast cancers. Sending you hugs! Do what is best for you
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What is considered "high ratio"? I go blank at math things. Is N of 5.2 over L of 1.8 high for example? Would high mean a greater difference?
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Hi everyone - I have no time to post much now but do a name search on me. And read my posts on the "unexplained weight gain" thread. I have been manipulating my neutrophils since my diagnosis and intentionally lowered my NLR in the process. I will post more later. I used to be concerned (when I did not know what was causing it) but now I am just grateful that I found a way to do it after reading all these research papers (High NLR is important for many types of cancer).
More later..
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Interesting. Mine was 3.58. I would fit in with thier higher risk group, which would fit what happened to me. Nothing is a crystal ball, but this looks like another tool in the toolbox that can be used to assess risk. I wonder if docs will use the info...or more importantly, how they'd use it.
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Based on my Onco DX and benefit from chemo, 12% distant recurrence in 15 years looks good to me. Mine is 12% in 10 years. Maybe that is why my ratio is 4-4.5.
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Saw this article and thought it was an interesting discussion about lymphocytes as T cells/ killer cells.
http://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/chronic-myeloi...
Lymphocytosis Linked With Improved Outcomes in Dasatinib-treated Patients With CML
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I too am very concerned about this information. I had my six month follow up imaging including ultrasound in January along with all the standard blood work. When I asked my BS about the blood test results he said everything was fine. Well the ultrasound showed five solid masses in my right breast. The 3D digital mammogram found an asymmetric focal density as well as a small rounded mass. The mammogram findings are new findings in about 9 months from my last mammogram. I had two of the solid masses biopsies with core needle and results came back with a variety of benign findings. I sent the pathology on to MD Anderson for a second opinion and they also identified columnar cell change. I had an MRI in March and it came back perfectly normal. Went back to my BS last week and requested spot compressions and magnification view on the two new areas that showed up on the mammogram. That was followed by ultrasound which showed the two masses had increased in size. I am scheduled for two excisional biopsies on Tuesday.
When I was at the Dr's office on Wednesday I asked for a copy of my blood work. The first thing I noticed was that my lymphocytes were below normal at .8. My neutrophils have also dramatically increased and my ratio is over 9.
I am very concerned. I went back and looked at previous CBC reports and my ratios were below 3 in 2012 and 2014. In November of 2015 my ratio was up over 5 and in January my ratio was over 9. I did call my internist's office and shared my concerns. I had a CBC on Friday and am waiting to get the results.
I appreciate all the great information shared on this board on this topic.
Peace and healing,
Nancy
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This recent publication may be of interest to those researching the question of high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in breast cancer:
Ethier (2017): "Prognostic role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-016-0794-1
[Complete pdf available for free at button at upper right]
BarredOwl
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My white count has always been traditionally low. My doc sometimes exclaims over it but it's been a bit lower than "normal" since chemo.
Does that mean I might have a bit less chance of recurrence?
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Wow! Barred Owl thanks so much for posting this! I am so excited about this because I just had a disagreement with my doctor over my blood work. She will only test me for diabetes and cholesterol but no more. I tried to tell her that it is important for me to know my NLR but she does not get it. My last NLR was o.857 (Neu (1.2)/ Lymp (1.4)) and I am trying VERY hard to keep it there!
I had to do some prophy procedures in 2012 and that was the only time I went up (went up to a ratio of 2.0). I went off Green tea and Tumeric (in salad dressing) and that is what did it, After the procedures (Mastect and Hyster) went back on the green tea and tumeric and back down again! I am triple negative and stage 3 so this is a very important article for me. Thanks again.
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Hi Kayrem:
I am not sure this study is useful to you having been diagnosed back in 2011. The paper describes a meta-analysis, meaning they searched the scientific literature for prior published studies meeting specific criteria and then looked at combined data to answer some questions of interest. Note the focus on "association of blood NLR (measured pre-treatment)":
"A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to identify publications exploring the association of blood NLR (measured pre treatment) and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) among patients with breast cancer."
I would have to study the paper in more detail (and possibly the underlying documents) to understand exactly what is meant by measurements taken "pre-treatment" (do they mean prior to surgery? prior to radiation? after surgery and radiation, but prior to initiation of chemotherapy or adjuvant endocrine therapy? or something else?). However, it does not seem relevant your current blood work, long after the conclusion of treatment.
Best,
BarredOwl
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Hi Barred- what I like about the meta analysis is that it shows that a low NLR helps ward off occurrence. Pre treatment, after treatment data I don't care I need all the help I can get!
My GP does not believe it is the green tea (no published data - only anecdotal) but even if it was she said "why would you even want to keep your Neutrophils and Lymphocytes low (my lymphocytes are at the low end of normal between 1.2-1.4). I rarely to never get sick (except had a cold for 3 weeks in Dec). I never got them tested in 2016 because she would not request it but she gave me a requisition at my last appt in Jan 2017
Neutrophils have been implicated in the development of metastasis. They form nets in damaged areas and organs and these nets also capture circulating tumor cells.
http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/8/361/361ra138
It is just some information (the bloodwork) which I am anxious to keep track of.
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http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/8/361/361ra138
Sorry link did not take
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I just wonder if all this time we actually have a "Tamoxifen/ Herceptin" recurrence preventionfor triple negatives but nobody realizes it.
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Women with a low NLR fared better at each of the subsequent check-ups at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 years, with, respectively, 100%, 98.9%, 91.7%, 82.7%, 82.7%, and 82.7% of them free of recurrence.
This compares with comparable figures of 99.4%, 94.3%, 84.5%, 69.2%, 66%, and 51.4% at the same time points in those with a high NLR.
If the NLR ratio is from immediately prior to diagnosis, this means that all these women had active cancer at the time of measurement and the immune environment was not normal (for lack of a better word). Do lower neutrophil or higher lymphocyte numbers mean they're busy fighting micrometastasis somewhere in the body and hence the better long-term prognosis? Or there is something to the ratio itself regardless of the numbers?
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